Michael Levin’s the Case for Torture (Review)

Michael Levin’s â€Å"The Case for Torture† contends that there are different purposes behind permitting torment to exist in the United States of America. Levin couldn't imagine anything better than to see society change its negative perspectives on torment so that, in specific situations, torment would be passable. The article begins with an exceptionally short portrayal of how he accepts society sees the subject of torment as a negative thing. He leads on to contradict that perspective and gives three cases in which he accepts torment must be managed with different reasons endeavoring to help his considerations. The theoretical cases Levin utilizes extend from extraordinary circumstances, to a circumstance where we may some of the time see on the news. Levin makes it understood to the crowd that he doesn't concur with torment as a discipline and spotlights on precisely what it ought to be utilized for. He additionally focuses on that there is a significant contrast among fear based oppressors and casualties and he trusts it would stop the discussion of â€Å"terrorist rights†. Levin likewise composes on his conviction that most psychological militant do their wrongdoings for exposure and therefore, the fear based oppressor will be genuinely simple to recognize and later be tormented. He shuts the article by saying torment would make little risk western popular governments and anticipating what he accepts will occur later on. After numerous through readings of Michael Levin’s article, I feel the demeanor he conveys along exhaustive the article presents him as a forcefully confident individual. The majority of the thinking he gives is vigorously founded on pitiful interests. The power of sentiment he places into the peruser is extremely convincing yet doesn't satisfy the contention just as it ought to on account of the absence of good rationale and thinking. Levin utilizes three primary concerns to persuade perusers why torment ought to be utilized. The primary significant point incorporates three theoretical cases as main motivation to why it‘s significant. His subsequent point clarifies the purpose behind the need of torment. At long last he states who gets the opportunity to get the tormenting and quickly depicts what the result might be. Levin's greatest point is produced from the three theoretical cases he furnishes the peruser with. As I would see it, they are plainly work more as an enthusiastic model and not a sound explanation. The first case is one in which a nuclear bomb is planted on Manhattan Island and will blow around early afternoon. The speculate requests cash and arrival of his companions from prison. He is gotten at 10 A. M. what's more, the man won’t uncover any data on the bomb. â€Å"What do you do† (201)? The second case talks about a bomb on an enormous fly. The presume's requests can't be met. Won’t we do anything to the scoundrel to the spare the travelers (201)? The third theoretical case is furnished with results from a four man survey. The case is one in which an infant is abducted from an emergency clinic. OK permit the tormenting of the ruffian so as to get him back? I feel that every one of the three theoretical circumstances have something about them that don't cause me to feel persuaded. The principal circumstance where the bomb is planted Manhattan Island appears to be excessively ridiculous because of reasons that you don't generally know about this sort of stuff on the news and furthermore that the aircraft is caught. Regardless of whether an individual requests cash and arrival of his companions from prison, Levin doesn't clarify how someone would approach discovering this individual any place he is covering up? Levin likewise has an exceptionally shaky area in clarifying the circumstance since when he talks about the plane, he says â€Å"Preferring demise to disappointment †Won’t unveil where the bomb is. †(201). Saying to perusers he inclines toward death to disappointment would legitimately imply that, regardless of whether tormented, the man is as yet not going to unveil the data since he would prefer to bite the dust than bombing his strategic accepting his needs. The subsequent circumstance's shortcoming's originates from an absence of basic data and indeed the rareness of the circumstance. The circumstance includes a Jumbo Jet where a bomb has been planted which can be defused ONLY by the aircraft which is in police authority. Levin says â€Å"Surely we can, we should, do anything to the blackmailer to spare the passengers† (201). Indeed, what precisely is torment going to do in this circumstance if the bomb is noticeable all around on the plane? How precisely is the bomb going to be defused? I feel that this circumstance could have improved quite a bit of a contention on the off chance that he would have set aside the effort to clear up precisely how the bomb would get defused. Later in the passage Levin includes, â€Å"If you got the psychological oppressor, might you be able to rest evenings realizing that millions kicked the bucket since you were unable to force yourself to apply the cathodes? â€Å"(201). It is unmistakably a genuinely stacked sentence. He intentionally emphasizes the word â€Å"you† on the grounds that he needs you to sink into that idea and cause you to feel downright awful about the circumstance. The third speculative case, which I think about most vulnerable, is clarified with consequences of a casual survey dependent on the circumstance. In the survey, four moms are inquired as to whether they would support the tormenting of the criminal that seizes their youngster if that were important to get them back. Every one of the four moms said they would endorse of it. I feel this contention doesn't give an extraordinary case of what makes torment satisfactory. It is a greater amount of a guide to show what somebody would accomplish for their friends and family. Its shortcoming is obviously found in the quantity of members in the survey that he is utilizing and in the one-sided conclusion they no doubt previously had. The best piece of Levin’s thinking is communicated when he talks about why precisely he accepts torment ought to be acknowledged and not saw upon as something awful. In the article, Levin says â€Å"I am upholding torment as an adequate measure for forestalling future indecencies. †(201). He works admirably of making it understood precisely what he implies. In doing as such, he quickly clarifies a contention he accepts individuals against capital punishment use. The contention is that by executing the killer, you are not bringing back the casualty that was murdered. Levin clarifies that as opposed to executing after a homicide has happened, he advocates that tormenting somebody prevents the honest from being dispatched. Levin clarifies that torment should ONLY be utilized for the sparing of lives. This prompts what he accepts is the most remarkable contention against torment. Individuals would demand that such practices dismiss the privileges of the person. Levin first counter-contention is introduced when he says â€Å"Well, if the individual is such significant, and he is, it is correspondingly critical to secure the privileges of people compromised by fear based oppressor. â€Å"(201). It appeared to be an extremely stable contention to me due to the manner in which he utilized enemy of torment line to help his professional torment contention. Levin later says â€Å"Unlike his casualties, he (the psychological oppressor) chipped in the dangers of his deed. By taking steps to slaughter for benefit or vision, he repudiates edified gauges, and he can have no grumbling if human advancement attempts to foil him by whatever implies fundamental. (202). He thinks if an individual chooses to restrict socialized guidelines, he ought not hope to be treated with indistinguishable rights from the individuals who do keep cultivated principles. In spite of the fact that it sounds sensible, he makes a presumption here. Levin expect that the specu late KNOWS they are conflicting with edified measures. Does this imply a sociopath that can't recognize enlightened guidelines would not be tormented? I feel more of explanation could support this contention. Levin addresses the issue of tormenting an inappropriate individual. He begins by causing a suspicion psychological oppressor to broadcast themselves and perform for TV and open acknowledgment. Levin says â€Å"After all, you can’t scare a legislature into discharging your political dissidents except if you declare that it is your gathering that has held onto its government office. †(202). It is simply one more theoretical circumstance to twist things his way without giving archived proof of a genuine circumstance where the psychological oppressor really distinguished themselves. It is as if in his eyes, he thinks finding the correct culprit is a basic undertaking. At long last, in the last passage he says â€Å"There will be little peril that the western vote based systems will lose their direction on the off chance that they decide to exact agony as a method of protecting request. I saw that his case appears to be somewhat adjusted in the last section. Levin begins the article discussing torment ONLY for the sparing of honest lives, yet now, he talks about torment for safeguarding request. Does this expand up the entire case? He additionally predicts that some time or another soon numerous lives will be undermined and torment will be the best way to spare them. This forecast is upheld by no proof what so ever and is obviously just to give dread to the individual understanding it. The conversation of key terms was not too bad in this article. At the point when he talks about torment the nearest depiction I found that characterize torment to Levin is: â€Å"Subjecting somebody to the most horrifying torment. † This may appear to be an extraordinary portrayal of what we see as torment yet the case of torment he makes reference to is â€Å"having the cathodes applied†. I truly wasn’t sure what he was alluding to until I found it on the web and read that anodes are what murder you in the hot seat. I accept he didn't give any better case of this since it can cause a peruser to contradict of the tormenting immediately on the off chance that he discusses a progressively abhorrent model. Levin additionally utilizes the word moral weakness to portray permitting the passing of a large number of blameless lives. He works superbly by clarifying that it implies the reluctance of dirtying ones hands. With respect to and ethos, the creator begins facing a major challenge by presenting the subject of torment as something social orders dismiss out and out, at that point saying he restricts the convictions of society on that top

The purpose of this lab activity was to measure anaerobic power per unit of time

The motivation behind this lab movement was to gauge anaerobic force per unit of time. This has to do with the strong quality of the body and the rate the body uses ATP and the anaerobic glycolysis framework. The Wingate test is performed by a warm up time of a few minutes followed by a resting time of one to two minutes. Proceeding with the test after the resting time frame the entertainer hawks as quick as he/she can for five seconds. At that point the opposition (determined by entertainer's weight partitioned by 2.205 rising to entertainers Kilogram Weight increased by .075) is included and the selling stays for 30 second at max throttle while the information is taken. The information is taken by extra subjects tallying the quantity of pedal turns all through the 30 seconds. This is the means by which the force yield is estimated for the quadriceps muscles. The primary concern for the test is that the subject must stay at maximal speed for the whole 30 seconds. This test is helpful for a competitor who is attempting to improve muscle solidarity to keep up or gain speed and force. As one ganders at the percentile diagrams of standards, he/she can assess his or herself among different competitors. This graph is helpful in light of the fact that it is a beginning stage for preparing and improving the quality expected to suffer and pick up muscle quality. As contrasted and the percentile of standards the information determined for me the entertainer, top 5-second was 1023.55 which is normal for an adapted competitor. For Anaerobic limit my level of 800.42001, which is remarkable by correlation with the percentile of standards, rises to the force yield of the muscle over the 30-seconds. At long last, the exhaustion list which mirrors the muscles capacity to oppose weakness, which my rate approached 53.33, was at a low protection from muscle weariness. In end to the aftereffects of the Wingate anaerobic test, I discovered that this test isn't actually the favored trial of

Imago Therapy for Relationships

Imago Therapy for Relationships Relationships Spouses & Partners Print Imago Therapy for Relationships By Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP twitter linkedin Jodi Clarke, LPC/MHSP is a licensed professional counselor and mental health service provider with over 20 years of experience in the field. Learn about our editorial policy Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 18, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 29, 2019 More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse In This Article Table of Contents Expand Relationships Emphasis Uses Imago Dialogue Individual Therapy Getting Started View All Back To Top Imago therapy is a specific style of relationship therapy designed to help conflict within relationships become opportunities for healing and growth. The term imago is Latin for image and, within imago relationship therapy, refers to an unconscious image of familiar love. Imago relationship therapy was developed by Harville Hendrix, Ph.D. and Helen LaKelly Hunt, Ph.D. In the late 1970s, both clinicians had experienced divorce in their relationship history. After looking for effective and evidence-based support for understanding relationship dynamics and finding very little in the way of helpful resources, they chose to build from their own experiences to research and develop an evidence-based model of counseling that would help facilitate healing and growth in committed relationships. Imago and Relationships The concept of imago as an image of familiar love suggests that our early relationships teach us something about love and about ourselves. Through these early experiences, we develop a sense of an identity related to love, such as what love is and what we need to do in order to experience love from others and feel safe. In our early relationships, we start to develop a sense of self-worth based on how we are treated by important people in our lives. We start to develop attachment patterns and start to gain a sense of how we think we should be treated by others. For example, if growing up you only received praise and feelings of love from your caregivers when you performed well at a task, you may move into your adult life believing that you must perform well in order to be worthy of love and to receive care and comfort from your partner. If your partner turns away or shuts down on you, leaving you feeling unloved, you might quickly start to reflect on your own behaviors, replaying things and looking for what you may have done wrong for the person to treat you this way. 3 Key Factors in Healthy Relationships Our intimate relationships are prime ground for bringing up raw spots, old wounds, and patterned behaviors. These connections can leave us feeling close and cared for, as well as lonely and abandoned. It is not surprising that our intimate relationships often tend to bring up old, familiar emotional wounds since imago therapy suggests that we pick partners who feel familiar to us. When these old wounds come up in relationships, it can give us a chance to heal and grow. Imago relationship therapy believes this to be true as well. As Dr. Hendrix stated in his best-selling book Getting the Love You Want, We are born in relationship, we are wounded in relationship, and we can be healed in relationship. Picking a Familiar Partner Imago therapy suggests that we choose partners who remind us of our early caregiversâ€"a combination of their good qualities and not-so-good qualities. This is a reason why the person we seem to click with feels familiar to us and why we might be comfortable to let our guard down with them. Because they have traits we are familiar with, we also tend to know how to navigate those traits because of what we learned growing up. To think that we might select a partner with the same not-so-great traits as an early caregiver might drive us crazy! It makes sense, though, because we tend to find it easier to navigate situations and people who feel familiar to us. If you were used to getting the cold shoulder from a caregiver during times of conflict or distress, you might feel a strange, familiar comfort in a partner who does that as well, as compared to someone who is more assertive and actively engages in verbal exchange during times of conflict or distress. What Makes It Different? Although these concepts are utilized in different types of dynamic psychotherapy, imago therapy emphasizes that our early attachment experiences with caregivers may directly influence our choice of partner as an adult. As we date, we may come across someone who seems all too familiar and easy to connect with, almost as if we have known them before or for a long time. What imago therapy suggests is that these people feel familiar to us because they parallel relationship dynamics we have been in before with caregivers in our early experiences. When we feel comfortable and familiar with someone, we begin to let our guard down and grow closer, which makes it easier to build a romantic relationship. The closer we become over time, we may find old emotional wounds surfacing within our relationship and wonder what is happening. Another thing that makes imago therapy different from other styles of therapy is that it is focused on using conflict and distress and opportunities for healing and growth. Rather than teaching people how to simply fight better or find ways to avoid conflict within your relationship, imago therapy encourages couples to lean into those moments of distress and use them for exploration, curiosity, and learning. Imago therapy is collaborative, meaning that there is not a distinct role of a therapist as an advice-giving authority but, rather, the therapist works together with the couple to take a look at what is happening for them and healing the relationship as a whole. The therapist allows for the couple to be the experts of their dynamic, facilitating the conversation in a way that allows partners to learn from each other. What Can It Help With? Imago therapy was developed specifically for the understanding and healing of relationships. Some of the issues that imago therapy can help with include: Communication challengesRecurring disagreements/conflictFeelings of disconnectionLack of intimacyInfidelity/trust You do not have to necessarily be in distress to participate in imago relationship therapy. In fact, couples who are not in distress can significantly benefit from participating, learning about these dynamics within the relationship and gaining a better understanding of themselves and their partner. Who Can Imago Help? Those in committed relationships with a significant other would be excellent candidates to benefit from imago therapy. Couples at all stages and seasons of their relationship are encouraged to participate, from dating and premarital couples to those who have been together for many years.?Individuals can also participate in imago relationship therapy. People who are dating can certainly benefit from learning about their relationship patterns, choices of partners, and how to find and connect with someone who is a safe person and a healthy partner. Imago Dialogue One core aspect of imago relationship therapy is the imago dialogue. This dialogue is a structured method, facilitated by a trained imago therapist, which allows partners to gain understanding and increase empathy. The goals of imago dialogue are to: Remove negative, hurtful language from communicationCreate a safe emotional environment for both partners to openly shareAllow both partners equal space and eliminate the idea that one partner has more power over the other Within this dialogue there is a sender and a receiver, the sender being the one to share thoughts and feelings openly with their receiver. The receiver practices the following three steps during the imago dialogue: Mirroring: Repeating back what you have heard your partner say, in order to gain clarification and understanding. The receiver does this with no judgment, criticism or response, but simply repeating back what they have heard their partner say.Validation: The receiver works to validate parts of what their partner (the sender) has shared, what makes sense to them. As they are doing this, they are letting their partner know that they get it and are actively trying to understand. If there are parts that the receiver does not yet understand, they can ask the sender to share more.Empathy: At this point in the dialogue, the receiver shares with their partner what they think the other might be feeling. Sharing on this level is a way to let their partner know they are gaining a deeper understanding of their emotional experience, allowing the partner to feel seen and heard. Imago for Individuals Although imago relationship therapy is a model of counseling designed to effectively work with couples in committed relationships, you certainly do not need to be in an active relationship to benefit from imago therapy. In fact, many people who are dating may find this type of therapy very useful for examining their own history and how it might be influencing their dating patterns and choices in partners. By participating in imago therapy by yourself, you can learn what some of your old wounds or emotional raw spots might be that are impacting your relationships. Finding a sense of healing around these raw spots can be valuable in helping you move forward with more confidence and learning how to be a great, compassionate partner in your next relationship. Common Questions How Can I Get Started With Imago Therapy? Two main ways to start learning more about imago therapy and how it can help your relationship include workshops and therapy sessions. There are several varied workshops available, all based on the model of imago therapy. Some of the workshops available are tailored  specifically to: Premarital couplesCouples in distressCouples with childrenChristian couplesSame-sex couplesIndividuals Workshops are offered around the world and it is likely that there are workshops available in your area or region. The other method of participation is in counseling with an imago trained therapist. Sessions are traditionally offered one hour at a time, although there are often additional services available such as intensives that last a few hours or retreats that might last for a few days. Having face to face time with an imago trained therapist allows you and your partner to actively dig into the dynamics of your relationship. During that time you will be using dialogue, facilitated by the therapist, to explore and learn what happens for your partner when there is distress or conflict in the relationship. Actively seeking understanding can increase empathy and create a sense of connection and healing between partners so the same patterns and issues stop coming up time and time again. How Can I Find an Imago Therapist? Many therapists who work with couples have likely had some training inâ€"and basic understanding ofâ€"imago relationship therapy. You can find resources in your area, such as trained and even fully certified imago relationship therapists, at sites such as Imago Relationships International. There you can search a database of trained imago therapists from around the world, searching by your location and type of relationship need. You can also discover locations for a variety of workshops available, which are based on the principles of imago relationship therapy. Are There Times When Imago Therapy Might Not Help? As with other types of relationship therapy, there are times when imago therapy might not be a good fit for your relationship. These times might include situations such as domestic violence, active substance abuse, or other addictive behaviors that can get in the way of a successful relationship therapy experience. Imago therapy may only be effective when issues like this are resolved first.   How Couples Counseling Can Help With Addiction Issues Additional Resources If you are interested in learning about imago relationship therapy but not yet sure if you are interested in attending a workshop or therapy sessions, there are several popular books written by Dr. Hendrix and Dr. Hunt that you can check out, including: Getting the Love You Want: A Guide for CouplesKeeping the Love You Find: A Personal GuideMaking Marriage Simple: 10 Relationship Saving TruthsReceiving Love: Transforming Your Relationship By Letting Yourself Be LovedThe Space Between: The Point of ConnectionThe Happy Couples Secret: How to Build a Lasting, Satisfying Relationship Many of the titles have a workbook version available to help better understand the material and learn how it might apply to your own relationship patterns.

Imago Therapy for Relationships

Imago Therapy for Relationships Relationships Spouses & Partners Print Imago Therapy for Relationships By Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP twitter linkedin Jodi Clarke, LPC/MHSP is a licensed professional counselor and mental health service provider with over 20 years of experience in the field. Learn about our editorial policy Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 18, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 29, 2019 More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse In This Article Table of Contents Expand Relationships Emphasis Uses Imago Dialogue Individual Therapy Getting Started View All Back To Top Imago therapy is a specific style of relationship therapy designed to help conflict within relationships become opportunities for healing and growth. The term imago is Latin for image and, within imago relationship therapy, refers to an unconscious image of familiar love. Imago relationship therapy was developed by Harville Hendrix, Ph.D. and Helen LaKelly Hunt, Ph.D. In the late 1970s, both clinicians had experienced divorce in their relationship history. After looking for effective and evidence-based support for understanding relationship dynamics and finding very little in the way of helpful resources, they chose to build from their own experiences to research and develop an evidence-based model of counseling that would help facilitate healing and growth in committed relationships. Imago and Relationships The concept of imago as an image of familiar love suggests that our early relationships teach us something about love and about ourselves. Through these early experiences, we develop a sense of an identity related to love, such as what love is and what we need to do in order to experience love from others and feel safe. In our early relationships, we start to develop a sense of self-worth based on how we are treated by important people in our lives. We start to develop attachment patterns and start to gain a sense of how we think we should be treated by others. For example, if growing up you only received praise and feelings of love from your caregivers when you performed well at a task, you may move into your adult life believing that you must perform well in order to be worthy of love and to receive care and comfort from your partner. If your partner turns away or shuts down on you, leaving you feeling unloved, you might quickly start to reflect on your own behaviors, replaying things and looking for what you may have done wrong for the person to treat you this way. 3 Key Factors in Healthy Relationships Our intimate relationships are prime ground for bringing up raw spots, old wounds, and patterned behaviors. These connections can leave us feeling close and cared for, as well as lonely and abandoned. It is not surprising that our intimate relationships often tend to bring up old, familiar emotional wounds since imago therapy suggests that we pick partners who feel familiar to us. When these old wounds come up in relationships, it can give us a chance to heal and grow. Imago relationship therapy believes this to be true as well. As Dr. Hendrix stated in his best-selling book Getting the Love You Want, We are born in relationship, we are wounded in relationship, and we can be healed in relationship. Picking a Familiar Partner Imago therapy suggests that we choose partners who remind us of our early caregiversâ€"a combination of their good qualities and not-so-good qualities. This is a reason why the person we seem to click with feels familiar to us and why we might be comfortable to let our guard down with them. Because they have traits we are familiar with, we also tend to know how to navigate those traits because of what we learned growing up. To think that we might select a partner with the same not-so-great traits as an early caregiver might drive us crazy! It makes sense, though, because we tend to find it easier to navigate situations and people who feel familiar to us. If you were used to getting the cold shoulder from a caregiver during times of conflict or distress, you might feel a strange, familiar comfort in a partner who does that as well, as compared to someone who is more assertive and actively engages in verbal exchange during times of conflict or distress. What Makes It Different? Although these concepts are utilized in different types of dynamic psychotherapy, imago therapy emphasizes that our early attachment experiences with caregivers may directly influence our choice of partner as an adult. As we date, we may come across someone who seems all too familiar and easy to connect with, almost as if we have known them before or for a long time. What imago therapy suggests is that these people feel familiar to us because they parallel relationship dynamics we have been in before with caregivers in our early experiences. When we feel comfortable and familiar with someone, we begin to let our guard down and grow closer, which makes it easier to build a romantic relationship. The closer we become over time, we may find old emotional wounds surfacing within our relationship and wonder what is happening. Another thing that makes imago therapy different from other styles of therapy is that it is focused on using conflict and distress and opportunities for healing and growth. Rather than teaching people how to simply fight better or find ways to avoid conflict within your relationship, imago therapy encourages couples to lean into those moments of distress and use them for exploration, curiosity, and learning. Imago therapy is collaborative, meaning that there is not a distinct role of a therapist as an advice-giving authority but, rather, the therapist works together with the couple to take a look at what is happening for them and healing the relationship as a whole. The therapist allows for the couple to be the experts of their dynamic, facilitating the conversation in a way that allows partners to learn from each other. What Can It Help With? Imago therapy was developed specifically for the understanding and healing of relationships. Some of the issues that imago therapy can help with include: Communication challengesRecurring disagreements/conflictFeelings of disconnectionLack of intimacyInfidelity/trust You do not have to necessarily be in distress to participate in imago relationship therapy. In fact, couples who are not in distress can significantly benefit from participating, learning about these dynamics within the relationship and gaining a better understanding of themselves and their partner. Who Can Imago Help? Those in committed relationships with a significant other would be excellent candidates to benefit from imago therapy. Couples at all stages and seasons of their relationship are encouraged to participate, from dating and premarital couples to those who have been together for many years.?Individuals can also participate in imago relationship therapy. People who are dating can certainly benefit from learning about their relationship patterns, choices of partners, and how to find and connect with someone who is a safe person and a healthy partner. Imago Dialogue One core aspect of imago relationship therapy is the imago dialogue. This dialogue is a structured method, facilitated by a trained imago therapist, which allows partners to gain understanding and increase empathy. The goals of imago dialogue are to: Remove negative, hurtful language from communicationCreate a safe emotional environment for both partners to openly shareAllow both partners equal space and eliminate the idea that one partner has more power over the other Within this dialogue there is a sender and a receiver, the sender being the one to share thoughts and feelings openly with their receiver. The receiver practices the following three steps during the imago dialogue: Mirroring: Repeating back what you have heard your partner say, in order to gain clarification and understanding. The receiver does this with no judgment, criticism or response, but simply repeating back what they have heard their partner say.Validation: The receiver works to validate parts of what their partner (the sender) has shared, what makes sense to them. As they are doing this, they are letting their partner know that they get it and are actively trying to understand. If there are parts that the receiver does not yet understand, they can ask the sender to share more.Empathy: At this point in the dialogue, the receiver shares with their partner what they think the other might be feeling. Sharing on this level is a way to let their partner know they are gaining a deeper understanding of their emotional experience, allowing the partner to feel seen and heard. Imago for Individuals Although imago relationship therapy is a model of counseling designed to effectively work with couples in committed relationships, you certainly do not need to be in an active relationship to benefit from imago therapy. In fact, many people who are dating may find this type of therapy very useful for examining their own history and how it might be influencing their dating patterns and choices in partners. By participating in imago therapy by yourself, you can learn what some of your old wounds or emotional raw spots might be that are impacting your relationships. Finding a sense of healing around these raw spots can be valuable in helping you move forward with more confidence and learning how to be a great, compassionate partner in your next relationship. Common Questions How Can I Get Started With Imago Therapy? Two main ways to start learning more about imago therapy and how it can help your relationship include workshops and therapy sessions. There are several varied workshops available, all based on the model of imago therapy. Some of the workshops available are tailored  specifically to: Premarital couplesCouples in distressCouples with childrenChristian couplesSame-sex couplesIndividuals Workshops are offered around the world and it is likely that there are workshops available in your area or region. The other method of participation is in counseling with an imago trained therapist. Sessions are traditionally offered one hour at a time, although there are often additional services available such as intensives that last a few hours or retreats that might last for a few days. Having face to face time with an imago trained therapist allows you and your partner to actively dig into the dynamics of your relationship. During that time you will be using dialogue, facilitated by the therapist, to explore and learn what happens for your partner when there is distress or conflict in the relationship. Actively seeking understanding can increase empathy and create a sense of connection and healing between partners so the same patterns and issues stop coming up time and time again. How Can I Find an Imago Therapist? Many therapists who work with couples have likely had some training inâ€"and basic understanding ofâ€"imago relationship therapy. You can find resources in your area, such as trained and even fully certified imago relationship therapists, at sites such as Imago Relationships International. There you can search a database of trained imago therapists from around the world, searching by your location and type of relationship need. You can also discover locations for a variety of workshops available, which are based on the principles of imago relationship therapy. Are There Times When Imago Therapy Might Not Help? As with other types of relationship therapy, there are times when imago therapy might not be a good fit for your relationship. These times might include situations such as domestic violence, active substance abuse, or other addictive behaviors that can get in the way of a successful relationship therapy experience. Imago therapy may only be effective when issues like this are resolved first.   How Couples Counseling Can Help With Addiction Issues Additional Resources If you are interested in learning about imago relationship therapy but not yet sure if you are interested in attending a workshop or therapy sessions, there are several popular books written by Dr. Hendrix and Dr. Hunt that you can check out, including: Getting the Love You Want: A Guide for CouplesKeeping the Love You Find: A Personal GuideMaking Marriage Simple: 10 Relationship Saving TruthsReceiving Love: Transforming Your Relationship By Letting Yourself Be LovedThe Space Between: The Point of ConnectionThe Happy Couples Secret: How to Build a Lasting, Satisfying Relationship Many of the titles have a workbook version available to help better understand the material and learn how it might apply to your own relationship patterns.

Moral Judgements And Moral Values Essay - 1372 Words

Objective moral values obtain the idea that a certain system of ethics or even a set of moral judgements is not just true according to a person’s subjective opinion, but proves factually true. They are qualities like love or kindness which are morally good independent of the belief of human beings. The other side of the equation refers to subjective moral values which means that values are whatever we as humans choose to pursue and whatever we desire. Now, whether morality is an objective property of the universe, or rather the subjective opinion of humans, is in fact one of the longest running issues in the world of philosophy. This ongoing debate continue for the sole reason that it is hampered by a lack of clarity on what objective and subjective moralities actually are. Objective morality is the stance that something can be discerned to be a morally wrong thing through the reasoning about facts about the world, rather than through the reference to human opinion. For exampl e, believers of this theory would argue that the statement â€Å"Adultery is wrong† can be objectively true as â€Å"1 + 2 = 3†. Most of the time in these situations, the alleged source is God; arguably, there is no objective source of morality that has ever been confirmed. These moral principles that claim to be â€Å"objective† usually coincide very much so with what the individual will feel to be subjectively true. Another example will include the question of whether the mind exists. This is more readily andShow MoreRelatedThe Moral Value Of Moral Values1001 Words   |  5 PagesThe claim that moral values cannot be derived from facts is grounded in the idea that facts are descriptive and informative, whereas value propositions are prescriptive and imply that we ought to carry out certain action or act in a particular way. In essence, while facts give us information about the world itself, values tell us how we should act. It is accepted that facts are cognitive and are therefore know to be true or false. However, non-cognitivists support the idea that moral truths cannotRead MoreAnalysis Of Inventing Right And Wrong 909 Words   |  4 PagesValues in Meta-ethics In John Ludwig Mackie’s book Inventing Right and Wrong, he claims that â€Å"in making moral judgments we are pointing to something objectively prescriptive, but that these judgments are all false†. By saying this, he supports his main point that there are no objective values. However, John McDowell will be against Mackie’s argument, because he suggests that moral values are secondary qualities which can be objective. I hold the same viewpoint as McDowell’s. In this essay, I willRead MoreEthical, Moral And Moral Theory942 Words   |  4 Pagesreferred to by the title of our text helps to examine the various aspects of our own ethical moral theory. Ethical moral theory dominates our lives on a daily basis. Determining actions we consider being right or wrong depending on the availability of the situation. But, as situations vary, so does the reasoning behind activities. Although each individual has his/her own mindset and beliefs, the ethical moral standar ds which create the baseline of our own morality, differs with our individual teachingsRead MoreThe Psychology Of Public Support For Punishing Rule Essay1400 Words   |  6 Pagesnature of public support for punishing those who break social rules 3 basic sources of support 1. Crime-related concerns 2. Concerns about social conditions 3. Concerns about social values 2 views of the nature of public support 1. The instrumental judgement that the world is dangerous 2. The relational judgement that the world lacks social cohesion California’s â€Å"three strikes† initiative which mandates life in prison for anyone convicted of three felonies From the public sentiment perspectiveRead MoreEliot s Argument For Moral Judgement870 Words   |  4 Pageswithin its context. Right before the quoted passage, Eliot writes, â€Å"if were agreed as to what we meant by wisdom, by the good life for the individual and for society, we should apply moral judgements to poetry as confidently as did Johnson† (Eliot 212). It seems Eliot implies that Johnson is confident about his moral judgement because there is a consensus in society on what is right and what is wrong. Consequently, when Johnson reads a text, it is relatively easy for him to judge the morality of this workRead MoreThe Ethics And Human Sciences1364 Words   |  6 Pagesour decision making. Ethics ties in the assumption that one has moral knowledge. This thought is produced to support the notion that one’s moralistic values directly influence the knowledge or perception on knowledge. Moral obligation is thought to require some form of action, again bringing in the notion that one’s moral belief system plays a huge part in the shaping of their conclusions. A conclusion can be defined by a judgement or decision reached by reasoning, bringing in the thought that thisRead MoreThe Association Between Disgust And The Moral Foundations Of Making Moral Judgements1617 Words   |  7 Pages The Association between Disgust Propensity and the Moral Foundations in making Moral Judgements. Jack W. Hill-Rennie The University of Melbourne Student Number: 766488 Subject: Personality and Social Psychology 20009 Tutorial Time: Friday 11am-1pm Word Count: 2131â€Æ' Abstract The emotion disgust is an omnipresent feeling that dwells inside every person. Previous studies have shown that there are relationships between disgust and the moral domains outlined in (Graham, Nosek, Haidt, Iyer, KolevaRead MoreRichard Hare s Moral Judgement1686 Words   |  7 Pagesutilitarianism from moral judgement aspects such as prescriptivity and universalizability using various different example(s) to explain and create understanding, and finally the essay will be concluded as to how Richard Hare derived preference utilitarianism. Richard Hare somewhat supported ‘emotivism’- meaning one’s moral actions is prompted by attitudes. (Satris, 1982). According to Ayer’s theory of emotivism, the meaning of moral statements is not important, but rather what moral language actuallyRead MoreQuestions On Personal Morals And Ethics956 Words   |  4 PagesSticking to Personal Morals in Business In today’s business world, the issue of personal morals and ethics has been a much researched and debated topic. This is particularly true in light of the many financial scandals of the past few years. Therefore, one must decide, when faced with a moral decision, if she will remain true to her engrained morals or waver to reap special benefits in the long run. Personally, adhering to established morals and ethics is the basis of my entire being and professionalRead MoreNormative Ethics And Ethical Ethics1586 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosophy about the nature of moral claims, moral judgements and moral disagreements made by the normative ethics. Many theologians believe that religion is the only basis for morality. The Divine Command Theory is a view that an action, behaviour, choice is morally good or right because it is commanded by God and something is morally bad or wrong if God forbids it (Alston 1990). This view poses some questions for theologians and non-theologians e .g. if all or some moral facts are determined by the

Essay on Lawsuits Against Big Tobacco Justified or Not

Abstract Since the first major lawsuit settled against tobacco companies in 1998, there has been much controversy over whether or not these lawsuits are justified. On the pro side of the argument there is much evidence to support that the tobacco industries have long known about the dangers of cigarette smoking. Furthermore that this knowledge warrants the need for compensation. In addition the industry has concealed this knowledge from the public. On the con side of the argument evidence shows that these lawsuits have been based on false claims primarily in regard to health care costs for smokers. Furthermore, the regulations set by the settlement of the 1998 multistate lawsuit have established a legal president which allows individuals†¦show more content†¦The money spent by the government for Medicaid, in my opinion, has already been paid for. The real victims would be those who have had the illnesses or who have died as a direct result of smoking. However, only if those victims b egan smoking before the effects were brought to the publics attention. For both the pro and con sides these facts are presented in order to support each papers opinions. One opinion of the pro side is that the market of cigarettes is a market for disease and death. At one point the paper states, Outrage at an industry that has made billions selling sickness and death the paper enforces this opinion later by saying, For decades, Big Tobacco has made a profit by selling the instruments of disease and death. Another opinion is that tobacco industries are the only companies that manufacture a product which causes serious illness and kills. The pro side quotes Edward L. Kaven, author of Smoking: The Story Behind the Maze as saying, the only industry which produces a consumer product that is likely to kill and render human beings seriously ill when used as intended. I believe that these opinions are exaggerated ones. First of all, the tobacco companies are not the only companies that sell a product that is unhealthy and even has devastating affects on people.Show MoreRelatedCosmetic Testing with Animals is Cruel Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesAnimals    Each year, thousands of animals are brutally tortured in laboratories, in the name of cosmetic research. A movement to ban animal testing for cosmetic purposes has been gaining popularity, with many companies hopping on the bandwagon against this research. New alternatives have been developed to eliminate the necessity to test on animals. This is only a small beginning of what is necessary to end these immoral acts. Animal testing in cosmetics is useless and cruel, and can be accomplishedRead MoreThe Food Industry and Self-Regulation: Standards to Promote Success and to Avoid Public Health Failures7346 Words   |  30 Pageshas made highly visible pledges to curtail children’s food marketing, sell fewer unhealthy products in schools, and label foods in responsible ways. Ceding regulation to industry carries opportunities but is highly risky. In some industries (e.g., tobacco), self-regulation has been an abject failure, but in others (e.g., forestry and marine ï ¬ sheries) , it has been more successful. We examined food industry self-regulation in the context of other self-regulatory successes and failures and deï ¬ ned 8 standardsRead MoreBusiness Ethics9512 Words   |  39 Pagesengaged in a sexual act.† Courtesy: BBC NEWS (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4105753.stm). 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Disney management’s conviction that it knew be st was demonstratedRead MoreAuditors Independence Case Study14460 Words   |  58 Pagesaside, we suggest that the majority of professionals are unaware of the gradual accumulation of pressures on them to slant their conclusions—a process we characterize as moral seduction. Most professionals feel that their professional decisions are justified and that concerns about conflicts of interest are overblown by ignorant or demagogic outsiders who malign them unfairly. Given what we now know generally about motivated reasoning and self-serving biases in human cognition (Kunda, 1990), and specificallyRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesreality, and lead to lively class discussions, and even debates. In the gentle environment of the classroom, students can hone their analytical skills and also their persuasive skills—not selling products but selling their ideas—and defend them against critical scrutiny. This is great practice for the arena of business to come. NEW TO THIS EDITION In contrast to the early editions, which examined only notable mistakes, and based on your favorable comments about recent editions, I have againRead MoreFinancial Statements and Corporate Managers33896 Words   |  136 Pagesaccrual reversal. For example, aggressive capitalization of software RD expenditures may boost current period earnings but it will 18 lower future periods’ net profit when the capitalized costs have to be subsequently writtenoff. Investors’ Lawsuit. If a company disclosed false or misleading financial information and investors incurred a loss by relying on that information, the company may have to pay legal penalties. Labor Market Discipline. The labor market for managers is likely to penalizeRead MoreHealthcare Essay18323 Words   |  74 Pagesrecently seen with the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, which promises to reduce the number of uninsured by 32 million (Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation 2011). Cultural beliefs and values are strong forces against attempts to initiate fundamental changes in the financing and 26501_CH03_FINAL.indd 82 delivery of health care. Therefore, enactment of major health system reforms requires consensus among Americans on basic values and ethics (Kardos and Allen 1993)Read MoreThe Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: a Review of Concepts, Research and Practice15551 Words   |  63 Pagesbusiness case, the paper ï ¬ rst provides some historical background and perspective. In addition, it provides a brief discussion of the evolving understandings of CSR and some of the long-established, traditional arguments that have been made both for and against the idea of business assuming any responsibility to society beyond proï ¬ t-seeking and maximizing its own ï ¬ nancial wellbeing. Finally, the paper addresses the business case in more detail. The goal is to describe and summarize what the business caseRead Morepaul hoang answers72561 Words   |  291 Pageslimited companies. For example: †¢ Private limited companies cannot raise share capital from the general public since these are only sold to personal family members and friends. This clearly limits the finance that Mars is able to raise to compete against rivals such as Nestle and Cadbury’s. †¢ However, this fact also means that the directors (members of the Mars family) can maintain overall control of the business. For this reason, many private companies are run as family businesses and without

Dickens Views on Victorian Englands Class System

Great Expectations, a novel written by Charles Dickens during the Victorian era. This novel was set in early Victorian England at a time when great social changes were taking place. During the late eighteenth and nineteenth century, the Industrial Revolution had transformed the social landscape, allowing industrialists and manufacturers to accumulate huge fortunes that would otherwise have been inaccessible. Aside from the political and economic change which occurred, a profound social change took place. The populace seeking to better their lives, sought after employment in newly-formed industries. During this era, the society was categorized into three classes: upper, middle, and lower class and this system was the called the social class†¦show more content†¦His feelings about Joes arrival were: Not with pleasure... I had the sharpest sensitiveness as to his being seen by Drummle. (Dickens 203) He was afraid that Drummle will look down on him because of Joes lower class. N ot only does Pip treat Joe differently, Joe also treats Pip differently because of their difference in social class. He begins to call Pip sir which bothered him because sir was the title given to people of higher class. Joe leaves and explains his early leaving, Pip, dear old chap, life is made of ever so many partings welded together, as I may say, and one mans a blacksmith, and ones a whitesmith, and ones a goldsmith, and ones a coppersmith. Divisions among such must come... (Dickens 223) He creates this metaphor than he is a common blacksmith and Pip is a goldsmith. So, this is another example of how Dickens criticizes the social class system. Other characters that were also judged by their social class were Magwitch and Compeyson. They were both on trial for the same crime but Compeyson got off easier compared to Magwitch because of his higher social class. The ending of the trial was solely based upon social class system. Throughout the novel, Dickens explores the class system of Victorian England, ranging from the criminal Magwitch, to the poor peasants Joe and Biddy,Show MoreRelatedFighting Society: Charles Dickens 1937 Words   |  8 Pagestime these advances seemed to improve many aspects of daily life, Charles Dickens only saw the negative effects that this new way of life imposed upon unsuspecting families. As a victim of the Industrial Revolution, which left many of the working class, including his own family, in a horrible state of living, Dickens grew up in a wretched environment brought on by an advancing society. His early life led to his ambitions of escaping the poverty that gripped his family. His talent for writing proved